Revisiting the demeanour effect: a video-observational analysis of encounters between law enforcement officers and citizens in Amsterdam
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Revisiting the demeanour effect : a video-observational analysis of encounters between law enforcement officers and citizens in Amsterdam. / Sunde, Hans Myhre; Weenink, Don; Lindegaard, Marie Rosenkrantz.
I: Policing and Society, Bind 33, Nr. 8, 2023, s. 953-969.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Revisiting the demeanour effect
T2 - a video-observational analysis of encounters between law enforcement officers and citizens in Amsterdam
AU - Sunde, Hans Myhre
AU - Weenink, Don
AU - Lindegaard, Marie Rosenkrantz
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - We investigate the 'demeanour hypothesis', stating that police officers are more likely to arrest and use force against citizens who display a 'bad attitude'. We observed 78 encounters captured on surveillance cameras in the city of Amsterdam. Video material allowed us to code specific behaviours ('citizen pointed at officer') instead of the more ambiguous interpretation of behaviour ('citizen was disrespectful') used in prior studies. We employ two regression analyses to estimate the extent to which different types of citizens' behaviour - 'bad attitude', non-compliance, and aggression and crime - relate to physical coercive behaviour by law enforcement agents. After controlling for non-compliant, aggressive and criminal behaviours, as well as situational and individual features, citizens' 'bad attitude' behaviours remain associated with physical coercion. However, our data also shows that the effects of aggressive and criminal behaviours are far stronger than that of 'bad attitude' behaviours. Yet, there is an observable 'demeanour effect' in our sample. Conceptually, we provide a more thorough behavioural description of what a 'bad attitude' looks like. Practically, our findings can be used in training, such as scenario or VR training, in order to raise officers' awareness of citizens' behaviours, and may assist them to prevent escalation in their encounters with the public.
AB - We investigate the 'demeanour hypothesis', stating that police officers are more likely to arrest and use force against citizens who display a 'bad attitude'. We observed 78 encounters captured on surveillance cameras in the city of Amsterdam. Video material allowed us to code specific behaviours ('citizen pointed at officer') instead of the more ambiguous interpretation of behaviour ('citizen was disrespectful') used in prior studies. We employ two regression analyses to estimate the extent to which different types of citizens' behaviour - 'bad attitude', non-compliance, and aggression and crime - relate to physical coercive behaviour by law enforcement agents. After controlling for non-compliant, aggressive and criminal behaviours, as well as situational and individual features, citizens' 'bad attitude' behaviours remain associated with physical coercion. However, our data also shows that the effects of aggressive and criminal behaviours are far stronger than that of 'bad attitude' behaviours. Yet, there is an observable 'demeanour effect' in our sample. Conceptually, we provide a more thorough behavioural description of what a 'bad attitude' looks like. Practically, our findings can be used in training, such as scenario or VR training, in order to raise officers' awareness of citizens' behaviours, and may assist them to prevent escalation in their encounters with the public.
KW - Demeanour hypothesis
KW - police-citizen encounter
KW - use of force
KW - video analysis
KW - POLICE USE
KW - FORCE
KW - ARREST
KW - BEHAVIOR
KW - VIOLENCE
KW - SUSPECT
KW - IMPACT
KW - CRIME
KW - DETERMINANTS
KW - ESCALATION
U2 - 10.1080/10439463.2023.2216839
DO - 10.1080/10439463.2023.2216839
M3 - Journal article
VL - 33
SP - 953
EP - 969
JO - Policing and Society
JF - Policing and Society
SN - 1043-9463
IS - 8
ER -
ID: 355222680